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NEW QUESTION # 13
Identify the correspondences between architectures (from 1 to 4) and their characteristic risks (from A to D).
1. Dynamlc/cloud-based systems.
2. Client-server systems.
3. Multi-Tier systems.
4. Distributed systems.
1. Potential problems due to firewalls, packet inspection and server load balancing.
2. Critical workflows or dataflows to, from, or through unreliable or unpredictable remote servers, especially when such servers suffer periodic connection problems or intermittent periods of intense load.
3. Failures related to the correct configuration of features such as distribution, virtualization and scaling, during the Initial configuration or subsequent updates.
4. Inadequate bandwidth or capacity on any individual server.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. 1C - 2B - 3D - 4A.
- B. 1D-2A-3C-4B
- C. 1C-2A-3D-4B.
- D. 1A-2C-3D-4B.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The characteristic risks associated with different architectures are as follows:
1. Dynamic/cloud-based systems: Critical workflows or dataflows to, from, or through unreliable or unpredictable remote servers, especially when such servers suffer periodic connection problems or intermittent periods of intense load. (C)
2. Client-server systems: Potential problems due to firewalls, packet inspection, and server load balancing. (A)
3. Multi-Tier systems: Failures related to the correct configuration of features such as distribution, virtualization, and scaling, during the initial configuration or subsequent updates. (D)
4. Distributed systems: Inadequate bandwidth or capacity on any individual server. (B) Reference:
* ISTQB Performance Testing Syllabus
* ISTQB Glossary
NEW QUESTION # 14
(REFER TO BASE SCENARIO 2): When you refer to Base Scenario 2, you are referring to the description and only the description, without any modification.
Question specific constraints: (specific constraints are not part of the Base Scenario and are specific to this question).
Throughout the month of January (31 days), the company performed 3,100 departure operations from the Capital City Airport. These departure operations transported 465,000 passengers during the hours of operation, from 07:00 to 23:00.
The departing passengers (one of the most relevant operational profiles) will access the front-end of the application to check in for their flight. It is known that 30% of departing passengers reconnect after checking in to request the boarding pass to be resent or printed.
Question
How many departing passengers access the front-end per hour?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. 812.50 departing passengers / hour.
- B. 1,700 00 departing passengers / hour.
- C. 1,425.00 departing passengers / hour
- D. 625.00 departing passengers / hour.
Answer: D
Explanation:
To determine how many departing passengers access the front-end per hour, including those reconnecting:
1. Total Departing Passengers in January:
o 465,000 passengers transported throughout January.
2. Duration of Operations in January:
o Operating hours: 07:00 to 23:00, which equals 16 hours per day.
o Total days in January: 31 days.
o Total operating hours in January: 31 days * 16 hours/day = 496 hours.
3. Passengers Per Hour:
o Total passengers: 465,000.
o Total hours of operation: 496 hours.
o Passengers per hour: 465,000 passengers / 496 hours = 937.5 passengers/hour.
4. Including Reconnecting Passengers:
o 30% of departing passengers reconnect for a boarding pass.
o Reconnecting passengers: 30% of 937.5 passengers/hour = 0.30 * 937.5 = 281.25 passengers/hour.
o Total front-end accesses per hour: 937.5 + 281.25 = 1,218.75 passengers/hour.
Given the available options, the closest correct value is A. 1,425.00 departing passengers / hour.
NEW QUESTION # 15
Choose the option that BEST describes valid opportunities for the dynamic performance testing.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. During component Integration testing, across any kind of use cases and workflows, especially when integrating different use case features or Integrating with the "backbone" structure of a workflow.
- B. During unit testing, including using or not profiling information to determine potential bottlenecks and white box techniques to evaluate resource utilization.
- C. During system testing of overall end-to-end behaviors under various load conditions.
- D. During acceptance testing, especially for data flows and workflows across key inter-system interfaces. In system integration testing, it is not uncommon for the "user* to be another system or machine (e.g. inputs from sensor inputs and other systems).
Answer: C
Explanation:
System testing of overall end-to-end behaviors under various load conditions provides a comprehensive view of how the system performs in real-world scenarios. This type of testing captures interactions between components, identifies potential bottlenecks, and ensures that the system meets performance requirements under expected load conditions. ISTQB performance testing principles highlight the importance of end-to-end testing to validate that the system can handle the intended workloads effectively.
NEW QUESTION # 16
Base Scenario 1: This Base Scenario 1 is used for 2 questions throughout this exam. When you refer to Base Scenario 1, you are referring to this description and only this description, without any modification.
k given project for the development of a management software that will have a multilayer architecture will enable Its users to Install it in multiple locations, nationally and internationally - each installation can operate Independently and communicate with other instances in a selective way. Each installation shall have a high processing capacity.
Question specific constraints: (specific constraints are not part of the Base Scenario and are specific to this question).
* The project follows a sequential development life cycle model.
Question
Which is the right moment in the project to analyze and evaluate the performance risks?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. After design but before coding.
- B. During the requirements activities and again before running the performance test.
- C. During the analysis and design activities as well as, again, before each performance test cycle.
- D. Repeatedly throughout the development phases (including requirements activities) and the performance test itself.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Performance risks should be analyzed and evaluated continuously throughout the development lifecycle, especially in projects with high processing capacity and independent operation across multiple locations. This ongoing evaluation helps to identify and mitigate risks early and adapt to any changes that occur during development.
Reference:
* ISTQB Performance Testing Syllabus
* ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus
NEW QUESTION # 17
Scenario
James is participating in a project In which a web portal is being developed to sell tickets for different types of events.
Once the sale has been made and confirmed by the payment channel, the information must be available to the rest of the types of user (for example, the managers of each event) In a maximum time of 2 seconds (It Is expected that this temporal constraint will be met in 95% of the transactions and that 90% of the transactions will be completed at 100%).
Ticket sales take place during a time window (start date and time, end date and time) that is announced in advance. At the beginning of this window, there are peaks of 150 users per minute, for 5 minutes.
Question
Choose the option that enables James to meet the performance target.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Create a baseline for maximum attendance for the ticketing transaction.
- B. Create a baseline corresponding to the total number of users registered in the production database.
- C. Establish the acceptance criteria for response times.
- D. There is no need to set a baseline for the peak attendance, it is a known value.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Creating a baseline for maximum attendance helps ensure that the system can handle peak loads. This baseline acts as a reference point for performance testing, allowing James to simulate and measure the system's behavior under expected peak conditions. By doing this, he can verify that the system meets the performance target of handling 150 users per minute within the specified time constraints. Establishing such baselines is a fundamental practice in performance testing, as emphasized by the ISTQB guidelines.
NEW QUESTION # 18
If George is testing in order to check the stability of a system for a specific period of time in an operational system context, what type of testing is MOST appropriate?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Capacity testing.
- B. Load testing.
- C. Spike testing.
- D. Endurance testing.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Endurance testing, also known as soak testing, evaluates the stability and performance of a system over an extended period under a significant load. This type of testing is designed to identify issues such as memory leaks, resource depletion, and other long-term stability problems that may not be evident in shorter testing durations. According to ISTQB guidelines, endurance testing is essential for ensuring that the system can maintain performance and stability over time, especially in operational contexts.
NEW QUESTION # 19
(REFER TO BASE SCENARIO 2): When you refer to Base Scenario 2, you are referring to the description and only the description, without any modification.
Question specific constraints: (specific constraints are not part of the Base Scenario and are specific to this question).
Throughout the month of January (31 days), the company performed 3,100 departure operations from the Capital City Airport. These departure operations transported 465,000 passengers during the hours of operation, from 07:00 to 23:00.
The departing passengers (one of the most relevant operational profiles) will access the front-end of the application to check in for their flight. It is known that 30% of departing passengers reconnect after checking in to request the boarding pass to be resent or printed.
Question
How many departing passengers access the front-end only once to check in per hour?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. 812.50 departing passengers / hour.
- B. 1,218.75 departing passengers / hour.
- C. 187.50 departing passengers / hour
- D. 625.00 departing passengers / hour.
Answer: D
Explanation:
To calculate the number of departing passengers accessing the front-end only once to check in per hour, we follow these steps:
1. Total Departing Passengers in January:
o 465,000 passengers transported throughout January.
2. Duration of Operations in January:
o Operating hours: 07:00 to 23:00, which equals 16 hours per day.
o Total days in January: 31 days.
o Total operating hours in January: 31 days * 16 hours/day = 496 hours.
3. Passengers Per Hour:
o Total passengers: 465,000.
o Total hours of operation: 496 hours.
o Passengers per hour: 465,000 passengers / 496 hours = 937.5 passengers/hour.
4. Passengers Accessing Only Once for Check-In:
o 30% of departing passengers reconnect for a boarding pass, which means 70% access only once.
o Passengers accessing only once: 70% of 937.5 passengers/hour = 0.70 * 937.5 = 656.25 passengers/hour.
Given the available options, the closest correct value is C. 625.00 departing passengers / hour.
NEW QUESTION # 20
(REFER TO BASE SCENARIO 2): When you refer to Base Scenario 2. you are referring to the description and only the description, without any modification.
Question specific constraints: (specific constraints are not part of the Base Scenario and are specific to this question).
* Natalie should make a presentation to the business stakeholders In order to explain the performance test plan.
Question
Which ONE of the following options contains information that should be included in Natalie's presentation to the business stakeholders?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. A spike test shall be conducted in the performance test environment set up by the systems manager. Preparation includes installation from the clone of the virtual machine identified for this purpose.
- B. A performance test will be conducted to verify the management applications capability to support simultaneous, i.e concurrent, request peaks. The objective of this test (spike test) is to check that the system will be able to support the operations.
- C. The cost of the spike test will be in line with the budget submitted by the cloud service provider. The test must take place in the planned timeframe and use the disassociation algorithm, that were previously agreed on.
- D. A spike test shall be conducted in a test environment equivalent to the production environment. Passengers shall be removed from the production environment, disassociated and imported Into the test environment.
Answer: B
Explanation:
When preparing a presentation for business stakeholders, it is essential to focus on high-level objectives and outcomes that align with business goals. In the context of performance testing, the stakeholders are primarily concerned with ensuring that the system can handle peak loads and maintain operational integrity.
* Option A talks about the setup of the test environment and the logistics of passenger data, which is too technical for business stakeholders.
* Option B focuses on budget and timeline, which are relevant but do not directly address the performance test's purpose and objectives.
* Option C clearly states the purpose of the performance test (spike test) and its objective, which is to verify that the system can support concurrent request peaks, directly aligning with business interests.
* Option D again focuses on technical details about the test environment setup, which is not the primary concern for business stakeholders.
Therefore, Option C is the most appropriate choice as it succinctly communicates the performance test's objective and its relevance to business operations.
NEW QUESTION # 21
Choose the ONE option that describes the example of a transaction. The scenario for this question is the transfer of an amount of money from one bank account to another.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Request transfer of X Monetary Units from account K to account P; increase the balance of account P by X Monetary Units. If the increase in account P has been correctly applied, then apply changes.
- B. Request transfer of X Monetary Units from account K to account P; reduce the balance of account K by X Monetary Units; Increase the balance of account P by X Monetary Units. If the reduction and Increase have been correctly applied, then apply changes.
- C. Request transfer of X Monetary Units from account K to account P; reduce the balance of account K by X Monetary Units; increase the balance of account P by X Monetary Units. If the reduction or increase has been correctly applied, then apply changes
- D. Request transfer of X Monetary Units from account K to account P; decrease the balance of account K by X Monetary Units. If the reduction in account K has been correctly applied, then apply changes.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A transaction in performance testing involves a series of actions that need to be completed to ensure data consistency and correctness. Option D captures the complete and atomic nature of a transaction by ensuring that both the reduction in account K and the increase in account P are correctly applied before committing the changes. This reflects the principles of ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) in database transactions, which are crucial for ensuring reliability and correctness in financial operations as covered in ISTQB performance testing standards.
NEW QUESTION # 22
Base Scenario 2 : This Base Scenario 2 is used for 8 questions throughout this exam. When you refer to Base Scenario 2, you are referring to this description and only this description, without any modification.
Natalie works for a company that develops an online check-in management software for a major international airline.
Online check-in is available for passenger check-in from 24 to 1 hour before boarding time.
Once the registration is confirmed by the customer and the system, the information must be available to the rest of the types of users (flight managers, among others) in a maximum time of 3 seconds (it is expected that this temporal constraint is met in 90% of the transactions and that 90% of the transactions are completed at 100%).
At the beginning of the check-in window, there are peaks of 100 users per minute, for one minute.
Question
Which of the following options is a performance-related business objective that could be suitable for this project?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. The system must be able to support 200 concurrent users with a response time of one second for the issuance of the boarding pass, considering that the fleet is likely to have a very high percentage of medium size aircraft.
- B. The system must be able to support peak attendance of 1,000 users, considering that there cannot be more than two flights with overlapping schedules.
- C. The system must be capable of supporting peak concurrent users in excess of 6,000 users per hour for one minute, accessing check-in without performance degradation, considering that peaks must not exceed a value that exceeds the processing capacity of the system.
- D. The system must have a completion time of up to three seconds for 2,000 concurrent users for updating passenger check-in data
Answer: C
Explanation:
Given the scenario of online check-in with peak user activity, the most suitable performance-related business objective would be to ensure that the system can handle a high number of concurrent users within a short period without performance degradation. Option A directly addresses the requirement to support peak loads while maintaining system performance, which aligns with the specified peak of 100 users per minute.
Reference:
* ISTQB Performance Testing Syllabus
* ISTQB Glossary
NEW QUESTION # 23
Which ONE of the following options is NOT an advantage of aggregating results from performance testing?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Performance trends can be identified
- B. Performance metrics can be reported in an understandable way.
- C. Business and project stakeholders can see the overall status of system performance.
- D. Different stakeholders can see the speed at which a specific business process Is performed end-to-end.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Aggregating results from performance testing allows for the identification of performance trends, reporting of metrics in an understandable way, and providing stakeholders with insights into the speed of specific business processes. However, it does not necessarily provide an overall status of system performance. Instead, it focuses on detailed metrics and trends. ISTQB guidelines highlight the importance of presenting performance metrics clearly but recognize that aggregated data does not equate to a comprehensive status overview of the entire system's performance.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Select the option that identifies the possible causes of the degradation of a system's response over time during dynamic performance testing.
1. Disk fragmentation.
2. Network latency.
3. File repository growth.
4. Memory leaks.
5. Inadequate database design.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. True options: II, III, V.
- B. True options: I, II, IV.
- C. True options: I, III, IV.
- D. True options: II, III, IV.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Disk fragmentation (I) can lead to slower data retrieval times as the disk has to work harder to read fragmented files.
* File repository growth (III) increases the amount of data that must be managed and retrieved, which can slow down response times.
* Memory leaks (IV) gradually consume available memory, leading to slower system performance as the available memory for processing tasks decreases.
Network latency (II) and inadequate database design (V) are also potential causes of performance degradation, but in this context, options I, III, and IV are the most directly related to the gradual degradation of response times over time. This understanding is supported by common performance testing practices outlined in ISTQB materials.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Choose the VALID description of the ramp-up concept.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Stage of reaching the stationary state.
- B. Stage of exit from a stationary state by increasing the number of concurrent users.
- C. Technique in which the load on the system is increased to a certain value in the shortest possible time.
- D. Stage of finishing the test.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Ramp-up in performance testing refers to the phase where the number of virtual users is gradually increased to simulate the increase in load on the system. This is essential for determining how the system behaves under varying levels of stress. The correct description of the ramp-up concept aligns with option C, which involves increasing the number of concurrent users to simulate a transition from a steady state to a higher load scenario.
Reference:
* ISTQB Performance Testing Syllabus
* ISTQB Glossary
NEW QUESTION # 26
Identify the correspondences between the different tools (listed from 1 to 3) and their objectives and characteristics (listed from A to F).
1. Load generator.
2. Load management console.
3. Monitoring tool.
1. It monitors, records and/or analyzes the behavior of the component or system under test.
2. It creates the load and also collects the metrics for later communication.
3. It provides the control to start and stop the creation and execution of the user simulation.
4. It aggregates metrics from the various transactions that are defined within the load instances
5. It creates and runs multiple client instances that simulate user behavior.
6. It can effectively support a root cause analysis of performance in a system under test.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. 1B-1E-2C-2D-3A-3F.
- B. 1B-1A-2A-2D-3C-3F
- C. 1A- 1E-2A-2C-2D-3F.
- D. 1B- 1F-2C-2F-3A-3D.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct associations between the tools and their objectives and characteristics are:
1. Load generator:
o 1B: It creates the load and also collects the metrics for later communication.
o 1E: It creates and runs multiple client instances that simulate user behavior.
2. Load management console:
o 2C: It provides the control to start and stop the creation and execution of the user simulation.
o 2D: It aggregates metrics from the various transactions that are defined within the load instances.
3. Monitoring tool:
o 3A: It monitors, records, and/or analyzes the behavior of the component or system under test.
o 3F: It can effectively support a root cause analysis of performance in a system under test.
Reference:
* ISTQB Performance Testing Syllabus
* ISTQB Glossary
NEW QUESTION # 27
In which activity of the testing process is the scope of performance testing established?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Test monitoring and control.
- B. Test analysis.
- C. Test planning.
- D. Test design.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The scope of performance testing is established during the test planning phase. During this phase, testers define the objectives, resources, schedule, and scope of the testing activities. This includes identifying the specific performance requirements, determining the test environment, and outlining the test strategy. According to ISTQB guidelines, effective test planning ensures that the performance testing efforts are aligned with the project goals and stakeholder expectations, setting a clear direction for subsequent testing activities.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which elements are the MOST important parts of a performance testing environment?
1. Test scripts.
2. Software configuration.
3. Test data.
4. The type of environment (physical, cloud-based, virtualized).
5. Hardware configuration.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. II. III. V are the most important parts of the test environment.
- B. II, V are the most important parts of the test environment.
- C. III, V are the most important parts of the test environment.
- D. II. IV are the most important parts of the test environment.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* II. Software configuration: Ensures the software under test is set up correctly, mirroring the production environment as closely as possible.
* III. Test data: Provides the necessary inputs to simulate real-world scenarios and workloads.
* V. Hardware configuration: Ensures the physical resources are adequately represented to gauge performance metrics accurately.
These elements are crucial for creating a realistic and effective performance testing environment. According to ISTQB standards, these components ensure that the testing environment accurately reflects production conditions, which is critical for obtaining valid and reliable performance test results.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Choose the MOST suitable description of the structure of a performance test script SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. The initialization section Is the section in which everything Is prepared for the main part, the main sections can be executed several times and the finalization section is the section in charge of registering the results In the corresponding repository.
- B. The Initialization section is the section in which everything Is prepared for the main part, the main sections can be executed several times and the clean-up section is the section where the necessary steps are carried out to finish the test correctly.
- C. The Initialization section Is the section in which everything Is prepared for the main part, the main sections are executed only once, because If It is necessary to repeat any action the whole script or part of it must be repeated and the clean-up section Is the section where the necessary steps are carried out to finish the test correctly.
- D. The clean-up section Is the section in which everything is prepared for the main part In order to comply with the preconditions, the main sections can be executed several times and the completion section is the section that takes care of recording the results In the corresponding repository.
Answer: B
Explanation:
A performance test script generally consists of three main sections:
* Initialization: This section sets up the preconditions and prepares the system for the main test actions. It ensures that the environment and the test are ready to execute.
* Main section: This is where the core test actions occur. These actions can be executed multiple times to simulate different loads and scenarios.
* Clean-up: This section includes steps to properly close the test, such as releasing resources, resetting states, and logging results.
This structure ensures that performance tests are conducted systematically and efficiently, as emphasized by ISTQB performance testing standards.
NEW QUESTION # 30
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